In The News ... Canine Flu

Canine influenza was recently confirmed in Chicago, adding Illinois to the list of states to confirm this disease in the U.S. The first recognized outbreak of canine influenza in the world is believed to have occurred in racing greyhounds in January 2004 at a track in Florida. However, the virus may have been around as early as 1999.

Of note to our local clients, canine influenza virus (CIV) was confirmed in California during the initial studies in 2004-2006. Since canine influenza can be mistaken and treated as “kennel cough," it is difficult to determine its prevalence or whether it is currently in our local pet population. Previous cases occurred in animal shelters, humane societies, rescue groups, pet stores, boarding kennels, and veterinary clinics.

Currently, there is no canine influenza vaccine. Prevention, early diagnosis and treatment are the mainstay to canine influenza management. Please note that canine influenza is an emerging disease; bordetella or “kennel cough” vaccines do not provide cross-protection to CIV. Unless they were infected with CIV in the past 2 years (hence may have some antibodies to it), most dogs are susceptible to canine influenza if exposed to it. For more information, visit this guideline and this article. An updated guideline will likely be available soon. The basic information is unchanged; statistics and testing recommendations were modified as new information were collected.

Dogs can die from canine influenza. Fortunately, most affected dogs have the mild form and often do well with treatment. Even in the severe form (high fevers and pneumonia), dogs can recover with aggressive and timely treatment. Do not ignore a coughing dog, especially if there is history of exposure (shows, boarding, etc…). A complete physical exam and history will help determine if your pet was exposed to the canine influenza virus. Tests and treatment vary based on the onset and severity of the clinical signs. Early diagnosis and intervention will increase the chance for a successful outcome.